Ankle Foot Orthoses (AFOs): What They Are and Who Benefits from Them

What Is an AFO?

An AFO is a brace that surrounds the ankle and at least part of the foot. It controls ankle position and motion, compensates for muscle weakness, and corrects deformities. AFOs can also indirectly stabilize the knee during walking.

Who Benefits from AFOs?

AFOs are commonly prescribed for people with foot drop caused by stroke, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, nerve damage, spinal cord injuries, or traumatic brain injuries. They're also used for positional support in cases of excessive muscle tone, paralysis, arthritis, fractures, and wound management.

Types of AFOs

**Conventional AFOs** use a metal frame with leather straps attached to a shoe. They're prescribed when skin integrity or sensation is a concern.

**Plastic Solid Ankle AFOs** are custom-molded to the user's limb, spreading corrective force evenly to reduce pressure points. They maximize support for ankle and knee weakness and spasticity.

**Plastic Articulating AFOs** incorporate an ankle joint that allows natural movement while blocking unwanted motion — offering a balance between support and flexibility.

**Molded Ankle Gauntlets (Arizona Style)** sandwich a solid AFO between soft inner leather and durable outer leather, providing maximum immobilization for arthritic pain or tendon dysfunction.

**Carbon Fiber AFOs** are extremely lightweight and durable, best suited for isolated foot drop where minimal bulk and maximum energy return matter.

Caring for Your AFO

Clean the brace weekly with mild soap and a soft damp cloth. Inspect straps for secure attachment and check the body for cracks or bends. Store AFOs with your shoes in a dry location.

Getting the Right Fit

Your doctor or physical therapist will prescribe the AFO type that matches your condition and provide a wearing schedule. Proper fit is critical — an ill-fitting AFO can cause skin breakdown or fail to provide adequate support.

The right AFO doesn't just support your ankle — it supports your ability to move through life.